World Fitness Blog : Leading Global Bloggers

November 26, 2020

High blood pressure in midlife is linked to increased brain damage in later life

Filed under: Health — admin @ 12:07 am

Higher than normal blood pressure is linked to more extensive brain damage in the elderly, according to a new study published today (Thursday) in the European Heart Journal.

In particular, the study found that there was a strong association between diastolic blood pressure (the blood pressure between heart beats) before the age of 50 and brain damage in later life, even if the diastolic blood pressure was within what is normally considered to be a healthy range.

The findings come from a study of 37,041 participants enrolled in UK Biobank, a large group of people recruited from the general population aged between 40 and 69 years, and for whom medical information, including MRI brain scans was available.

The research, carried out by Dr Karolina Wartolowska, a clinical research fellow at the Centre for Prevention of Stroke and Dementia, University of Oxford, UK, looked for damage in the brain called “white matter hyperintensities” (WMH). These show up on MRI brain scans as brighter regions and they indicate damage to the small blood vessels in the brain that increases with age and blood pressure. WMH are associated with an increased risk of stroke, dementia, physical disabilities, depression and a decline in thinking abilities.

Dr Wartolowska said: “Not all people develop these changes as they age, but they are present in more than 50% of patients over the age of 65 and most people over the age of 80 even without high blood pressure, but it is more likely to develop with higher blood pressure and more likely to become severe.”

Information on the participants was collected when they enrolled in UK Biobank between March 2006 and October 2010, and follow-up data, including MRI scans, were acquired between August 2014 and October 2019. The researchers adjusted the information to take account of factors such as age, sex, risk factors such as smoking and diabetes, and diastolic as well as systolic blood pressure. Systolic blood pressure is the maximum blood pressure reached each time the heart beats and is the top number in blood pressure measurements.

“To compare the volume of white matter hyperintensities between people and to adjust the analysis for the fact that people’s brains vary slightly in size, we divided the volume of WMH by the total volume of white matter in the brain. In that way, we could analyse the WMH load, which is the proportion of the WMH volume to the total volume of white matter,” said Dr Wartolowska.

The researchers found that a higher load of WMH was strongly associated with current systolic blood pressure, but the strongest association was for past diastolic blood pressure, particularly when under the age of 50. Any increase in blood pressure, even below the usual treatment threshold of 140 mmHg for systolic and below 90 mmHg for diastolic, was linked to increased WMH, especially when people were taking medication to treat high blood pressure.*

For every 10mmHg increase in systolic blood pressure above the normal range, the proportion of WMH load increased by an average (median) of 1.126-fold and by 1.106-fold for every 5mmHg increase in diastolic blood pressure. Among the top 10% of people with the greatest WMH load, 24% of the load could be attributed to having a systolic blood pressure above 120mmHg, and 7% could be attributed to having diastolic blood pressure above 70mmHg, which reflects the fact that there is a greater incidence of elevated systolic rather than diastolic blood pressure in older patients.

Dr Wartolowska said: “We made two important findings. Firstly, the study showed that diastolic blood pressure in people in their 40s and 50s is associated with more extensive brain damage years later. This means that it is not just the systolic blood pressure, the first, higher number, but the diastolic blood pressure, the second, lower number, that is important to prevent brain tissue damage. Many people may think of hypertension and stroke as diseases of older people, but our results suggest that if we would like to keep a healthy brain well into our 60s and 70s, we may have to make sure our blood pressure, including the diastolic blood pressure, stays within a healthy range when we are in our 40s and 50s.

“The second important finding is that any increase in blood pressure beyond the normal range is associated with a higher amount of white matter hyperintensities. This suggests that even slightly elevated blood pressure before it meets the criteria for treating hypertension has a damaging effect on brain tissue.

“Our results suggest that to ensure the best prevention of white matter hyperintensities in later life, control of diastolic blood pressure, in particular, may be required in early midlife, even for diastolic blood pressure below 90mmHg, whilst control of systolic blood pressure may be more important in late life. The long time interval between the effects of blood pressure in midlife and the harms in late life emphasises how important it is to control blood pressure long-term, and that research has to adapt to consider the very long-term effects of often asymptomatic problems in midlife.”

Potential mechanisms for the development of WMH include damage to the delicate blood vessels in the brain through sustained elevated pressures over time that directly cause damage to the blood vessels; this leads to the lining of the vessels becoming leaky and results in WMH. Alternatively, diastolic pressure might cause large blood vessels to become stiffer with time, which increases pulsations of blood pressure to the brain; this causes high blood pressure with each heart beat, rapid changes in blood pressure, and blood flow that is too low between heart beats, resulting in damage to white matter.

As MRI scans were only available at one time point, the researchers could not quantify the progression of WMH directly. Other limitations include that further analysis is needed to identify differences in different regions of white matter, and that although the researchers showed associations with smoking and diabetes, the potential complex interaction between risk factors, which also include high cholesterol levels, obesity and kidney problems, require further investigation.

Notes:

* Patients with a ‘low normal’ blood pressure of 120/70mmHg were used as the ‘reference group’ with whom the researchers compared the other groups of patient in this analysis. Consistent with most guidelines, the researchers referred to people with blood pressure over 140/90 mmHg as ‘hypertensive’ and requiring treatment, and those between 140/90 and 130/80 mmHg as ‘pre-hypertensive’. People with blood pressure below the pre-hypertensive values were referred to as ‘high normotensive’ and those with values below 120/70 as ‘low normotensive’.

Source

November 25, 2020

Specific bacterium in the gut linked to irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)

Filed under: Health — admin @ 6:51 pm

Researchers at the University of Gothenburg have detected a connection between Brachyspira, a genus of bacteria in the intestines, and IBS — especially the form that causes diarrhea. Although the discovery needs confirmation in larger studies, there is hope that it might lead to new remedies for many people with irritable bowel syndrome.

The pathogenic bacterial genus, Brachyspira, is not usually present in human gut flora. A new study links the bacterium to IBS, particularly the form with diarrhea, and shows that the bacterium hides under the mucus layer protecting the intestinal surface from fecal bacteria.

Attached to intestinal cells

To detect Brachyspira, analyses of fecal samples — which are routinely used for studying the gut flora — were insufficient. Instead, the scientists analyzed bacterial proteins in mucus from biopsies taken from the intestine.

“Unlike most other gut bacteria, Brachyspira is in direct contact with the cells and covers their surface. I was immensely surprised when we kept finding Brachyspira in more and more IBS patients, but not in healthy individuals,” says Karolina Sjöberg Jabbar, who gained her doctorate at Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, and is the first author of the article.

Results inspire hope

Globally, between 5 and 10 percent of the adult population have symptoms compatible with IBS (irritable bowel syndrome). The condition causes abdominal pain and diarrhea, constipation, or alternating bouts of diarrhea and constipation. People with mild forms of IBS can often live a fairly normal life, but if the symptoms are more pronounced it may involve a severe deterioration in quality of life.

“Many questions remain to be answered, but we are hopeful that we might have found a treatable cause of IBS in at least some patients,” says Karolina Sjöberg Jabbar.

Bacterium found in 19 out of 62

The study was based on colonic tissue samples (biopsies) from 62 patients with IBS and 31 healthy volunteers (controls). Nineteen of the 62 IBS patients (31 percent) proved to have Brachyspira in their gut, but the bacterium was not found in any samples from the healthy volunteers. Brachyspira was particularly common in IBS patients with diarrhea.

“The study suggests that the bacterium may be found in about a third of individuals with IBS. We want to see whether this can be confirmed in a larger study, and we’re also going to investigate whether, and how, Brachyspira causes symptoms in IBS. Our findings may open up completely new opportunities for treating and perhaps even curing some IBS patients, especially those who have diarrhea,” says Magnus Simrén, Professor of Gastroenterology at Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, and Senior Consultant at Sahlgrenska University Hospital.

Several possible therapies

In a pilot study that involved treating IBS patients with Brachyspira with antibiotics, the researchers did not succeed in eradicating the bacterium.

“Brachyspira seemed to be taking refuge inside the intestinal goblet cells, which secrete mucus. This appears to be a previously unknown way for bacteria to survive antibiotics, which could hopefully improve our understanding of other infections that are difficult to treat,” Sjöberg Jabbar says.

However, if the association between Brachyspira and IBS symptoms can be confirmed in more extensive studies, other antibiotic regimens, as well as probiotics, may become possible treatments in the future. Since the study shows that patients with the bacterium have a gut inflammation resembling an allergic reaction, allergy medications or dietary changes may be other potential treatment options. The researchers at the University of Gothenburg plan to investigate this in further studies.

“This is another good example of the importance of free, independent basic research that, in cooperation with healthcare, results in unexpected and important discoveries that may be beneficial to many patients. All made without the primary purpose of the study being to look for Brachyspira,” says Professor Gunnar C Hansson, who is a world leading authority in research on the protective mucus layer in the intestines.

The study is published in the journal Gut.

Source

November 24, 2020

Can we harness a plant’s ability to synthesize medicinal compounds?

Filed under: Health — admin @ 8:28 pm

Anthraquinones are a class of naturally occurring compounds prized for their medicinal properties, as well as for other applications, including ecologically friendly dyes. Despite wide interest, the mechanism by which plants produce them has remained shrouded in mystery until now.

New work from an international team of scientists including Carnegie’s Sue Rhee reveals a gene responsible for anthraquinone synthesis in plants. Their findings could help scientists cultivate a plant-based mechanism for harvesting these useful compounds in bulk quantities.

Senna tora is a legume with anthraquinone-based medicinal properties that have long been recognized in ancient Chinese and Ayurvedic traditions, including antimicrobial and antiparasitic benefits, as well as diabetes and neurodegenerative disease prevention,” Rhee explained.

Despite its extensive practical applications, genomic studies of Senna have been limited. So, led by Sang-Ho Kang of the Korean National Institute of Agricultural Sciences and Ramesh Prasad Pandey of Sun Moon University and MIT, the research team used an array of sophisticated genetic and biochemical approaches to identify the first known anthranoid-forming enzyme in plants.

“Now that we’ve established the first step of the ladder, we can move quickly to elucidate the full suite of genes involved in the synthesis of anthraquinone,” said lead author Kang.

Once the process by which plants make these important compounds is fully known, this knowledge can be used to engineer a plant to produce high concentrations of anthraquinones that can be used medicinally.

“The same techniques that we use to help improve the yields of agricultural or biofuel crops can also be applied to developing sustainable production methods for plant-based medicines,” Rhee concluded.

This work was funded by the National Institute of Agricultural

Story Source:

Materials provided by Carnegie Institution for Science. Note: Content may be edited for style and length.

Source

November 23, 2020

New connection between Alzheimer’s dementia and Dlgap2

Filed under: Health — admin @ 9:10 pm

A gene known for helping facilitate communication between neurons in the nervous system has been discovered to be connected with Alzheimer’s dementia and cognitive decline, according to a national research team led by The Jackson Laboratory and University of Maine.

Catherine Kaczorowski, associate professor and Evnin family chair in Alzheimer’s research at The Jackson Laboratory (JAX), and adjunct professor with the UMaine Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering (GSBSE), spearheaded a study to pinpoint the genetic mechanisms that affect resistance or vulnerability to weakening cognition and dementias, such as Alzheimer’s.

Andrew Ouellette, a Ph.D student at JAX and a GSBSE NIH T32 predoctoral awardee, led the project, along with his mentor Kaczorowski and scientists from across the U.S.

By studying the memory and brain tissue from a large group of genetically diverse mice, the team found that the expression of the gene Dlgap2 is associated with the degree of memory loss in mice and risk for Alzheimer’s dementia in humans. Further research will ascertain how the gene influences dementia and mental function.

Dlgap2, located in the synapses of neurons, serves to anchor critical receptors for signals between neurons required for learning and memory. When studying post-mortem human brain tissue, the team discovered low levels of Dlgap2 in people experiencing “poorer cognitive health” and “faster cognitive decline” prior to death, according to researchers.

The team’s findings were published in the journal Cell Reports.

“The reason why this is so important is because a lot of research around cognitive aging and Alzheimer’s has been hyper-focused on well-known risk genes like APOE and brain pathologies,” Kaczorowski says. “We wanted to give ourselves the option of looking at new things people keep ignoring because they’ve never heard about a gene before.”

Researchers found that Dlgap2 influences the formation of dendritic spines on neurons, which can affect cognitive function. Longer, thinner spines shaped like mushrooms demonstrate higher mental performance than stubbier spines in mice, Ouellette says, and decreased cognition correlates with a loss in dendritic spines.

The study serves as a springboard for additional research into Dlgap2. Ouellette will explore how it influences cognition and how it can be used in therapeutic treatment for memory loss, in part by manipulating the gene with the editing tool CRISPR. Other members of the Kaczorowski lab are studying how to regulate Dlgap2 with pharmaceuticals to help prevent cognitive decline with age.

Scientists relied on Diversity Outbred mice, a population from eight parents created by The Jackson Laboratory to better reflect genetic diversity in humans. The Dlgap2 study involved 437 mice, each one either six, 12 or 18 months old.

“It’s great because you can harness the best parts of a mouse study and human society,” Ouellette says. “Historically, research has been done with inbred mice with similar genetic makeups; same, similar genetic models. But clinically, humans don’t work like that because they’re not genetically identical.”

The team performed quantitative trait loci mapping on the mouse population, examining entire genome sequences to identify genes responsible for varying cognitive function and where they occurred in the sequences. After pinpointing the connection between Dlgap2 and memory decline in mice, researchers evaluated its significance in human mental functionality using genomewide association studies for Alzheimer’s dementia and studying samples of post-mortem brain tissue using imaging, microscopy and other methods.

Kaczorowski says the project relied on information and expertise from all 25 co-authors. For example, Gary Churchill, professor and Karl Gunnar Johansson chair at JAX, Elissa Chesler, professor at JAX, and postdoctoral fellow Niran Hadad provided their expertise in utilizing diversity outbred models and cross-species genomic data integration to the project. Their efforts, she says, emphasizes the importance of teamwork in advancing medical research.

“We’re going to be able to contribute a lot more to human health with team science,” she says.

The GSBSE and The Jackson Laboratory partner to provide cooperative Ph.D. programs that include on-site training at the laboratory in Bar Harbor. The school also partners with other academic and research institutions to provide similar learning experiences. UMaine grants the degrees for these programs.

Kaczorowski says the GSBSE’s biomedical science Ph.D. program gives students hands-on learning opportunities that, like with Ouellette, can help them realize their passion and talents. Researching Dlgap2 with Kaczorowski influenced Ouellette’s Ph.D. dissertation further exploring how the Dlgap2 influences cognition in animals.

“I really like this study because it’s very interdisciplinary,” Ouellette says, adding that it harmonizes biological and computational science. “This study set me on a path that makes me want to be a more interdisciplinary scientist.”

Source

November 22, 2020

5 Adventurous Things to Do This Summer

Khloe Kardashian has been hitting the gym hard and has not been letting herself slack, no matter what is going on in her life, as well as making sure that she sticks to a very strict diet. Khloe has since gone on to lose around 35lbs.

“Khloe gives as much to the gym as the gym gives to her”

Gunnar Peterson has praised Kardashian for her dedication. Her Beverly Hills-based trainer explains why Khloe’s physical transformation has been so major: “We keep her mind challenged and her body guessing, and the focus is on building strength. She never cancels! Some days it’s more heart-rate intensive, some days it’s more lower-extremities intensive, some days the upper extremities get a little extra love.”

khloe1

Khloe Kardashian in the Gym

He added: “As the changes have come, the diet has tightened up … She’s made better choices when she eats. She’s been more conscious about working on sleep habits. She hydrates better. She keeps getting after it and she keeps getting better. We’re always playing with our workouts. We’re always making it that much more challenging.” And that hard work and intense focus has helped our September cover star score what some might call a post-breakup revenge body.

“Yeah, it’s a revenge body”

Khloe says. But it’s just as much for all my critics who called me ‘the fat one’ for my entire existance.” Her workout consists of a complete routine, two or three times a week, on nonconsecutive days. You can try it yourself! Starting with the first exercise, do the prescribed number of reps, then rest 10 to 30 seconds. Do two to five sets of each move, then continue to the next move and repeat until you’ve done the entire routine.

The biggest obstacle most people face when trying to add exercise into their day is time. Many also (mistakenly) think that the only way to stay fit is to hit the gym or spend at least an hour doing aerobic exercise. While it’s true that you increase your fitness level when you increase the intensity, frequency and duration of your program, it’s possible to gain moderate fitness benefits from making small, consistent changes to your daily life.

khloe3

Khloe Kardashian Running

The latest and probably one of the most common sense ways to get fit and lose excess body fat is by making painless additions of exercise to your day, combined with small diet modifications. For example, current research has shown that by consuming just 100 fewer calories per day, a woman can avoid the 1-2 pound gain most of us take on each year.

If you want to lose weight, you need to increase your daily caloric deduction by 500 calories, but you can do this by cutting 200 calories out of your daily diet and burning 300 calories more through exercise.

Add that up over a week and you’ll have nearly a pound of fat loss with very little pain or diet deprivation.

It’s the little things you do everyday that can make the difference between keeping fit or packing on additional pounds every year. Don’t underestimate the power of tiny changes: consistent, lifestyle changes are always more successful for losing and maintaining weight loss.

Here are a few tips to help you find painless ways to stay fit:

All rise! The average person burns 100 calories per hour while sitting and 140 per hour while standing. Get on your feet two hours a day while you work and you could drop 6 pounds over the course of a year. Stand while you talk on the phone and set up an area where you can work in a standing position (great for people with back pain!).

Take the stairs, not the elevator A 130-pound woman will burn nearly 20 calories each time she goes up and down the stairs. Do it all day watch how quickly those add up!

Dust while you talk on the phone.

Lose the remote. Get up to change the channel! And while you’re up grab some weights for a set of bicep curls or shoulder presses. You can work through a full strength training routine in an hour if you do a set during each commercial.

Park so you have to walk.

Walk and talk! Catch up on phone calls while your take a walk.

Be creative! Instead of thinking of all the ways you don’t have time to exercise, make it a game to see how many ways you can carve out time for little bouts of exercise. Lose your all or nothing mindset and look at exercise as a daily accumulation of activity.

khloe3

Khloe Kardashian Running

Remember, to lose weight you still need to take a look at your diet and try to eliminate excess calories, especially those that come from junk. Your goal isn’t difficult cutting 200-300 calories from your daily diet can be easy if you choose foods that you won’t miss too much. Think about switching from a can a soda every afternoon to unsweetened iced tea or a flavored sparkling water. But remember, don’t cut something that you look forward to everyday (for me cutting cream in my coffee would be a deal breaker), instead look for little changes you can make that won’t make a big difference in the foods your enjoy.

“We’re always playing with our workouts”

Hot on the heels of her steamy spread in Complex magazine, Khloe Kardashian has revealed she’s lost about 35 pounds from hitting the gym. The 31-year-old told Australian radio show “Fitzy & Wippa” on Friday about her weight loss journey. “I’ve lost like, 35 pounds. I don’t really weigh myself … but I know how I want to feel in clothes and it does become addicting once you start losing weight and seeing results. I want to see more,” she said.

khloe4

Khloe Kardashian Resting

Kardashian recently slammed critics who accused her sexy shoot of being digitally altered, posting an un retouched photo alongside the one that appeared in the magazine.

loe Kardashian channeled her inner Beyonce by doing a booty pop on Instagram after her recent 13-pound weight loss. Khloe said Beyonce, who wowed fans with her sexy Met Gala ball gown, is her fitness inspiration.

“I just got my motivation for the year!” Kardashian gushed after seeing Beyonce’s super-fit body in a nude Givenchy dress. Beyonce has maintained her 65-pound post-baby weight loss with a vegan diet, according to her longtime trainer, Marco Borges.

Khloe posted several Instagram photos May 12, where she proudly showed off her tiny waist and toned booty. Kardashian previously revealed on Instagram that her weight loss secrets are a dairy-free diet, waist training and intense workouts with celebrity trainer Gunnar Peterson.

Peterson, who helped Khloe’s sister, Kim Kardashian, lose 56 pounds just six months after childbirth, said Khloe is extremely dedicated to diet and exercise. Peterson said Khloe has never looked better following her recent weight loss.

“Khloe’s a full-on animal in the gym”

“The changes she’s made to her body are incredible. She’s done it the right way. Nothing fast, just hard work. Her body is bangin’ right now.”

Khloe gets laser treatments to zap the cellulite off her butt and thighs, but said the rest of her body is all-natural, not due to plastic surgery. Kardashian feels great after losing 13 pounds recently by following a dairy-free diet and exercising five days a week.

How Yoga Benefits Your Career

Filed under: Health — admin @ 7:36 am

Khloe Kardashian has been hitting the gym hard and has not been letting herself slack, no matter what is going on in her life, as well as making sure that she sticks to a very strict diet. Khloe has since gone on to lose around 35lbs.

“Khloe gives as much to the gym as the gym gives to her”

Gunnar Peterson has praised Kardashian for her dedication. Her Beverly Hills-based trainer explains why Khloe’s physical transformation has been so major: “We keep her mind challenged and her body guessing, and the focus is on building strength. She never cancels! Some days it’s more heart-rate intensive, some days it’s more lower-extremities intensive, some days the upper extremities get a little extra love.”

khloe1

Khloe Kardashian in the Gym

He added: “As the changes have come, the diet has tightened up … She’s made better choices when she eats. She’s been more conscious about working on sleep habits. She hydrates better. She keeps getting after it and she keeps getting better. We’re always playing with our workouts. We’re always making it that much more challenging.” And that hard work and intense focus has helped our September cover star score what some might call a post-breakup revenge body.

“Yeah, it’s a revenge body”

Khloe says. But it’s just as much for all my critics who called me ‘the fat one’ for my entire existance.” Her workout consists of a complete routine, two or three times a week, on nonconsecutive days. You can try it yourself! Starting with the first exercise, do the prescribed number of reps, then rest 10 to 30 seconds. Do two to five sets of each move, then continue to the next move and repeat until you’ve done the entire routine.

The biggest obstacle most people face when trying to add exercise into their day is time. Many also (mistakenly) think that the only way to stay fit is to hit the gym or spend at least an hour doing aerobic exercise. While it’s true that you increase your fitness level when you increase the intensity, frequency and duration of your program, it’s possible to gain moderate fitness benefits from making small, consistent changes to your daily life.

khloe3

Khloe Kardashian Running

The latest and probably one of the most common sense ways to get fit and lose excess body fat is by making painless additions of exercise to your day, combined with small diet modifications. For example, current research has shown that by consuming just 100 fewer calories per day, a woman can avoid the 1-2 pound gain most of us take on each year.

If you want to lose weight, you need to increase your daily caloric deduction by 500 calories, but you can do this by cutting 200 calories out of your daily diet and burning 300 calories more through exercise.

Add that up over a week and you’ll have nearly a pound of fat loss with very little pain or diet deprivation.

It’s the little things you do everyday that can make the difference between keeping fit or packing on additional pounds every year. Don’t underestimate the power of tiny changes: consistent, lifestyle changes are always more successful for losing and maintaining weight loss.

Here are a few tips to help you find painless ways to stay fit:

All rise! The average person burns 100 calories per hour while sitting and 140 per hour while standing. Get on your feet two hours a day while you work and you could drop 6 pounds over the course of a year. Stand while you talk on the phone and set up an area where you can work in a standing position (great for people with back pain!).

Take the stairs, not the elevator A 130-pound woman will burn nearly 20 calories each time she goes up and down the stairs. Do it all day watch how quickly those add up!

Dust while you talk on the phone.

Lose the remote. Get up to change the channel! And while you’re up grab some weights for a set of bicep curls or shoulder presses. You can work through a full strength training routine in an hour if you do a set during each commercial.

Park so you have to walk.

Walk and talk! Catch up on phone calls while your take a walk.

Be creative! Instead of thinking of all the ways you don’t have time to exercise, make it a game to see how many ways you can carve out time for little bouts of exercise. Lose your all or nothing mindset and look at exercise as a daily accumulation of activity.

khloe3

Khloe Kardashian Running

Remember, to lose weight you still need to take a look at your diet and try to eliminate excess calories, especially those that come from junk. Your goal isn’t difficult cutting 200-300 calories from your daily diet can be easy if you choose foods that you won’t miss too much. Think about switching from a can a soda every afternoon to unsweetened iced tea or a flavored sparkling water. But remember, don’t cut something that you look forward to everyday (for me cutting cream in my coffee would be a deal breaker), instead look for little changes you can make that won’t make a big difference in the foods your enjoy.

“We’re always playing with our workouts”

Hot on the heels of her steamy spread in Complex magazine, Khloe Kardashian has revealed she’s lost about 35 pounds from hitting the gym. The 31-year-old told Australian radio show “Fitzy & Wippa” on Friday about her weight loss journey. “I’ve lost like, 35 pounds. I don’t really weigh myself … but I know how I want to feel in clothes and it does become addicting once you start losing weight and seeing results. I want to see more,” she said.

khloe4

Khloe Kardashian Resting

Kardashian recently slammed critics who accused her sexy shoot of being digitally altered, posting an un retouched photo alongside the one that appeared in the magazine.

loe Kardashian channeled her inner Beyonce by doing a booty pop on Instagram after her recent 13-pound weight loss. Khloe said Beyonce, who wowed fans with her sexy Met Gala ball gown, is her fitness inspiration.

“I just got my motivation for the year!” Kardashian gushed after seeing Beyonce’s super-fit body in a nude Givenchy dress. Beyonce has maintained her 65-pound post-baby weight loss with a vegan diet, according to her longtime trainer, Marco Borges.

Khloe posted several Instagram photos May 12, where she proudly showed off her tiny waist and toned booty. Kardashian previously revealed on Instagram that her weight loss secrets are a dairy-free diet, waist training and intense workouts with celebrity trainer Gunnar Peterson.

Peterson, who helped Khloe’s sister, Kim Kardashian, lose 56 pounds just six months after childbirth, said Khloe is extremely dedicated to diet and exercise. Peterson said Khloe has never looked better following her recent weight loss.

“Khloe’s a full-on animal in the gym”

“The changes she’s made to her body are incredible. She’s done it the right way. Nothing fast, just hard work. Her body is bangin’ right now.”

Khloe gets laser treatments to zap the cellulite off her butt and thighs, but said the rest of her body is all-natural, not due to plastic surgery. Kardashian feels great after losing 13 pounds recently by following a dairy-free diet and exercising five days a week.

10 Foods That Promote Weight Loss

Khloe Kardashian has been hitting the gym hard and has not been letting herself slack, no matter what is going on in her life, as well as making sure that she sticks to a very strict diet. Khloe has since gone on to lose around 35lbs.

“Khloe gives as much to the gym as the gym gives to her”

Gunnar Peterson has praised Kardashian for her dedication. Her Beverly Hills-based trainer explains why Khloe’s physical transformation has been so major: “We keep her mind challenged and her body guessing, and the focus is on building strength. She never cancels! Some days it’s more heart-rate intensive, some days it’s more lower-extremities intensive, some days the upper extremities get a little extra love.”

khloe1

Khloe Kardashian in the Gym

He added: “As the changes have come, the diet has tightened up … She’s made better choices when she eats. She’s been more conscious about working on sleep habits. She hydrates better. She keeps getting after it and she keeps getting better. We’re always playing with our workouts. We’re always making it that much more challenging.” And that hard work and intense focus has helped our September cover star score what some might call a post-breakup revenge body.

“Yeah, it’s a revenge body”

Khloe says. But it’s just as much for all my critics who called me ‘the fat one’ for my entire existance.” Her workout consists of a complete routine, two or three times a week, on nonconsecutive days. You can try it yourself! Starting with the first exercise, do the prescribed number of reps, then rest 10 to 30 seconds. Do two to five sets of each move, then continue to the next move and repeat until you’ve done the entire routine.

The biggest obstacle most people face when trying to add exercise into their day is time. Many also (mistakenly) think that the only way to stay fit is to hit the gym or spend at least an hour doing aerobic exercise. While it’s true that you increase your fitness level when you increase the intensity, frequency and duration of your program, it’s possible to gain moderate fitness benefits from making small, consistent changes to your daily life.

khloe3

Khloe Kardashian Running

The latest and probably one of the most common sense ways to get fit and lose excess body fat is by making painless additions of exercise to your day, combined with small diet modifications. For example, current research has shown that by consuming just 100 fewer calories per day, a woman can avoid the 1-2 pound gain most of us take on each year.

If you want to lose weight, you need to increase your daily caloric deduction by 500 calories, but you can do this by cutting 200 calories out of your daily diet and burning 300 calories more through exercise.

Add that up over a week and you’ll have nearly a pound of fat loss with very little pain or diet deprivation.

It’s the little things you do everyday that can make the difference between keeping fit or packing on additional pounds every year. Don’t underestimate the power of tiny changes: consistent, lifestyle changes are always more successful for losing and maintaining weight loss.

Here are a few tips to help you find painless ways to stay fit:

All rise! The average person burns 100 calories per hour while sitting and 140 per hour while standing. Get on your feet two hours a day while you work and you could drop 6 pounds over the course of a year. Stand while you talk on the phone and set up an area where you can work in a standing position (great for people with back pain!).

Take the stairs, not the elevator A 130-pound woman will burn nearly 20 calories each time she goes up and down the stairs. Do it all day watch how quickly those add up!

Dust while you talk on the phone.

Lose the remote. Get up to change the channel! And while you’re up grab some weights for a set of bicep curls or shoulder presses. You can work through a full strength training routine in an hour if you do a set during each commercial.

Park so you have to walk.

Walk and talk! Catch up on phone calls while your take a walk.

Be creative! Instead of thinking of all the ways you don’t have time to exercise, make it a game to see how many ways you can carve out time for little bouts of exercise. Lose your all or nothing mindset and look at exercise as a daily accumulation of activity.

khloe3

Khloe Kardashian Running

Remember, to lose weight you still need to take a look at your diet and try to eliminate excess calories, especially those that come from junk. Your goal isn’t difficult cutting 200-300 calories from your daily diet can be easy if you choose foods that you won’t miss too much. Think about switching from a can a soda every afternoon to unsweetened iced tea or a flavored sparkling water. But remember, don’t cut something that you look forward to everyday (for me cutting cream in my coffee would be a deal breaker), instead look for little changes you can make that won’t make a big difference in the foods your enjoy.

“We’re always playing with our workouts”

Hot on the heels of her steamy spread in Complex magazine, Khloe Kardashian has revealed she’s lost about 35 pounds from hitting the gym. The 31-year-old told Australian radio show “Fitzy & Wippa” on Friday about her weight loss journey. “I’ve lost like, 35 pounds. I don’t really weigh myself … but I know how I want to feel in clothes and it does become addicting once you start losing weight and seeing results. I want to see more,” she said.

khloe4

Khloe Kardashian Resting

Kardashian recently slammed critics who accused her sexy shoot of being digitally altered, posting an un retouched photo alongside the one that appeared in the magazine.

loe Kardashian channeled her inner Beyonce by doing a booty pop on Instagram after her recent 13-pound weight loss. Khloe said Beyonce, who wowed fans with her sexy Met Gala ball gown, is her fitness inspiration.

“I just got my motivation for the year!” Kardashian gushed after seeing Beyonce’s super-fit body in a nude Givenchy dress. Beyonce has maintained her 65-pound post-baby weight loss with a vegan diet, according to her longtime trainer, Marco Borges.

Khloe posted several Instagram photos May 12, where she proudly showed off her tiny waist and toned booty. Kardashian previously revealed on Instagram that her weight loss secrets are a dairy-free diet, waist training and intense workouts with celebrity trainer Gunnar Peterson.

Peterson, who helped Khloe’s sister, Kim Kardashian, lose 56 pounds just six months after childbirth, said Khloe is extremely dedicated to diet and exercise. Peterson said Khloe has never looked better following her recent weight loss.

“Khloe’s a full-on animal in the gym”

“The changes she’s made to her body are incredible. She’s done it the right way. Nothing fast, just hard work. Her body is bangin’ right now.”

Khloe gets laser treatments to zap the cellulite off her butt and thighs, but said the rest of her body is all-natural, not due to plastic surgery. Kardashian feels great after losing 13 pounds recently by following a dairy-free diet and exercising five days a week.

How Many Calories Does CrossFit REALLY Burn?

Khloe Kardashian has been hitting the gym hard and has not been letting herself slack, no matter what is going on in her life, as well as making sure that she sticks to a very strict diet. Khloe has since gone on to lose around 35lbs.

“Khloe gives as much to the gym as the gym gives to her”

Gunnar Peterson has praised Kardashian for her dedication. Her Beverly Hills-based trainer explains why Khloe’s physical transformation has been so major: “We keep her mind challenged and her body guessing, and the focus is on building strength. She never cancels! Some days it’s more heart-rate intensive, some days it’s more lower-extremities intensive, some days the upper extremities get a little extra love.”

khloe1

Khloe Kardashian in the Gym

He added: “As the changes have come, the diet has tightened up … She’s made better choices when she eats. She’s been more conscious about working on sleep habits. She hydrates better. She keeps getting after it and she keeps getting better. We’re always playing with our workouts. We’re always making it that much more challenging.” And that hard work and intense focus has helped our September cover star score what some might call a post-breakup revenge body.

“Yeah, it’s a revenge body”

Khloe says. But it’s just as much for all my critics who called me ‘the fat one’ for my entire existance.” Her workout consists of a complete routine, two or three times a week, on nonconsecutive days. You can try it yourself! Starting with the first exercise, do the prescribed number of reps, then rest 10 to 30 seconds. Do two to five sets of each move, then continue to the next move and repeat until you’ve done the entire routine.

The biggest obstacle most people face when trying to add exercise into their day is time. Many also (mistakenly) think that the only way to stay fit is to hit the gym or spend at least an hour doing aerobic exercise. While it’s true that you increase your fitness level when you increase the intensity, frequency and duration of your program, it’s possible to gain moderate fitness benefits from making small, consistent changes to your daily life.

khloe3

Khloe Kardashian Running

The latest and probably one of the most common sense ways to get fit and lose excess body fat is by making painless additions of exercise to your day, combined with small diet modifications. For example, current research has shown that by consuming just 100 fewer calories per day, a woman can avoid the 1-2 pound gain most of us take on each year.

If you want to lose weight, you need to increase your daily caloric deduction by 500 calories, but you can do this by cutting 200 calories out of your daily diet and burning 300 calories more through exercise.

Add that up over a week and you’ll have nearly a pound of fat loss with very little pain or diet deprivation.

It’s the little things you do everyday that can make the difference between keeping fit or packing on additional pounds every year. Don’t underestimate the power of tiny changes: consistent, lifestyle changes are always more successful for losing and maintaining weight loss.

Here are a few tips to help you find painless ways to stay fit:

All rise! The average person burns 100 calories per hour while sitting and 140 per hour while standing. Get on your feet two hours a day while you work and you could drop 6 pounds over the course of a year. Stand while you talk on the phone and set up an area where you can work in a standing position (great for people with back pain!).

Take the stairs, not the elevator A 130-pound woman will burn nearly 20 calories each time she goes up and down the stairs. Do it all day watch how quickly those add up!

Dust while you talk on the phone.

Lose the remote. Get up to change the channel! And while you’re up grab some weights for a set of bicep curls or shoulder presses. You can work through a full strength training routine in an hour if you do a set during each commercial.

Park so you have to walk.

Walk and talk! Catch up on phone calls while your take a walk.

Be creative! Instead of thinking of all the ways you don’t have time to exercise, make it a game to see how many ways you can carve out time for little bouts of exercise. Lose your all or nothing mindset and look at exercise as a daily accumulation of activity.

khloe3

Khloe Kardashian Running

Remember, to lose weight you still need to take a look at your diet and try to eliminate excess calories, especially those that come from junk. Your goal isn’t difficult cutting 200-300 calories from your daily diet can be easy if you choose foods that you won’t miss too much. Think about switching from a can a soda every afternoon to unsweetened iced tea or a flavored sparkling water. But remember, don’t cut something that you look forward to everyday (for me cutting cream in my coffee would be a deal breaker), instead look for little changes you can make that won’t make a big difference in the foods your enjoy.

“We’re always playing with our workouts”

Hot on the heels of her steamy spread in Complex magazine, Khloe Kardashian has revealed she’s lost about 35 pounds from hitting the gym. The 31-year-old told Australian radio show “Fitzy & Wippa” on Friday about her weight loss journey. “I’ve lost like, 35 pounds. I don’t really weigh myself … but I know how I want to feel in clothes and it does become addicting once you start losing weight and seeing results. I want to see more,” she said.

khloe4

Khloe Kardashian Resting

Kardashian recently slammed critics who accused her sexy shoot of being digitally altered, posting an un retouched photo alongside the one that appeared in the magazine.

loe Kardashian channeled her inner Beyonce by doing a booty pop on Instagram after her recent 13-pound weight loss. Khloe said Beyonce, who wowed fans with her sexy Met Gala ball gown, is her fitness inspiration.

“I just got my motivation for the year!” Kardashian gushed after seeing Beyonce’s super-fit body in a nude Givenchy dress. Beyonce has maintained her 65-pound post-baby weight loss with a vegan diet, according to her longtime trainer, Marco Borges.

Khloe posted several Instagram photos May 12, where she proudly showed off her tiny waist and toned booty. Kardashian previously revealed on Instagram that her weight loss secrets are a dairy-free diet, waist training and intense workouts with celebrity trainer Gunnar Peterson.

Peterson, who helped Khloe’s sister, Kim Kardashian, lose 56 pounds just six months after childbirth, said Khloe is extremely dedicated to diet and exercise. Peterson said Khloe has never looked better following her recent weight loss.

“Khloe’s a full-on animal in the gym”

“The changes she’s made to her body are incredible. She’s done it the right way. Nothing fast, just hard work. Her body is bangin’ right now.”

Khloe gets laser treatments to zap the cellulite off her butt and thighs, but said the rest of her body is all-natural, not due to plastic surgery. Kardashian feels great after losing 13 pounds recently by following a dairy-free diet and exercising five days a week.

The Summer Abs Workout

Khloe Kardashian has been hitting the gym hard and has not been letting herself slack, no matter what is going on in her life, as well as making sure that she sticks to a very strict diet. Khloe has since gone on to lose around 35lbs.

“Khloe gives as much to the gym as the gym gives to her”

Gunnar Peterson has praised Kardashian for her dedication. Her Beverly Hills-based trainer explains why Khloe’s physical transformation has been so major: “We keep her mind challenged and her body guessing, and the focus is on building strength. She never cancels! Some days it’s more heart-rate intensive, some days it’s more lower-extremities intensive, some days the upper extremities get a little extra love.”

khloe1

Khloe Kardashian in the Gym

He added: “As the changes have come, the diet has tightened up … She’s made better choices when she eats. She’s been more conscious about working on sleep habits. She hydrates better. She keeps getting after it and she keeps getting better. We’re always playing with our workouts. We’re always making it that much more challenging.” And that hard work and intense focus has helped our September cover star score what some might call a post-breakup revenge body.

“Yeah, it’s a revenge body”

Khloe says. But it’s just as much for all my critics who called me ‘the fat one’ for my entire existance.” Her workout consists of a complete routine, two or three times a week, on nonconsecutive days. You can try it yourself! Starting with the first exercise, do the prescribed number of reps, then rest 10 to 30 seconds. Do two to five sets of each move, then continue to the next move and repeat until you’ve done the entire routine.

The biggest obstacle most people face when trying to add exercise into their day is time. Many also (mistakenly) think that the only way to stay fit is to hit the gym or spend at least an hour doing aerobic exercise. While it’s true that you increase your fitness level when you increase the intensity, frequency and duration of your program, it’s possible to gain moderate fitness benefits from making small, consistent changes to your daily life.

khloe3

Khloe Kardashian Running

The latest and probably one of the most common sense ways to get fit and lose excess body fat is by making painless additions of exercise to your day, combined with small diet modifications. For example, current research has shown that by consuming just 100 fewer calories per day, a woman can avoid the 1-2 pound gain most of us take on each year.

If you want to lose weight, you need to increase your daily caloric deduction by 500 calories, but you can do this by cutting 200 calories out of your daily diet and burning 300 calories more through exercise.

Add that up over a week and you’ll have nearly a pound of fat loss with very little pain or diet deprivation.

It’s the little things you do everyday that can make the difference between keeping fit or packing on additional pounds every year. Don’t underestimate the power of tiny changes: consistent, lifestyle changes are always more successful for losing and maintaining weight loss.

Here are a few tips to help you find painless ways to stay fit:

All rise! The average person burns 100 calories per hour while sitting and 140 per hour while standing. Get on your feet two hours a day while you work and you could drop 6 pounds over the course of a year. Stand while you talk on the phone and set up an area where you can work in a standing position (great for people with back pain!).

Take the stairs, not the elevator A 130-pound woman will burn nearly 20 calories each time she goes up and down the stairs. Do it all day watch how quickly those add up!

Dust while you talk on the phone.

Lose the remote. Get up to change the channel! And while you’re up grab some weights for a set of bicep curls or shoulder presses. You can work through a full strength training routine in an hour if you do a set during each commercial.

Park so you have to walk.

Walk and talk! Catch up on phone calls while your take a walk.

Be creative! Instead of thinking of all the ways you don’t have time to exercise, make it a game to see how many ways you can carve out time for little bouts of exercise. Lose your all or nothing mindset and look at exercise as a daily accumulation of activity.

khloe3

Khloe Kardashian Running

Remember, to lose weight you still need to take a look at your diet and try to eliminate excess calories, especially those that come from junk. Your goal isn’t difficult cutting 200-300 calories from your daily diet can be easy if you choose foods that you won’t miss too much. Think about switching from a can a soda every afternoon to unsweetened iced tea or a flavored sparkling water. But remember, don’t cut something that you look forward to everyday (for me cutting cream in my coffee would be a deal breaker), instead look for little changes you can make that won’t make a big difference in the foods your enjoy.

“We’re always playing with our workouts”

Hot on the heels of her steamy spread in Complex magazine, Khloe Kardashian has revealed she’s lost about 35 pounds from hitting the gym. The 31-year-old told Australian radio show “Fitzy & Wippa” on Friday about her weight loss journey. “I’ve lost like, 35 pounds. I don’t really weigh myself … but I know how I want to feel in clothes and it does become addicting once you start losing weight and seeing results. I want to see more,” she said.

khloe4

Khloe Kardashian Resting

Kardashian recently slammed critics who accused her sexy shoot of being digitally altered, posting an un retouched photo alongside the one that appeared in the magazine.

loe Kardashian channeled her inner Beyonce by doing a booty pop on Instagram after her recent 13-pound weight loss. Khloe said Beyonce, who wowed fans with her sexy Met Gala ball gown, is her fitness inspiration.

“I just got my motivation for the year!” Kardashian gushed after seeing Beyonce’s super-fit body in a nude Givenchy dress. Beyonce has maintained her 65-pound post-baby weight loss with a vegan diet, according to her longtime trainer, Marco Borges.

Khloe posted several Instagram photos May 12, where she proudly showed off her tiny waist and toned booty. Kardashian previously revealed on Instagram that her weight loss secrets are a dairy-free diet, waist training and intense workouts with celebrity trainer Gunnar Peterson.

Peterson, who helped Khloe’s sister, Kim Kardashian, lose 56 pounds just six months after childbirth, said Khloe is extremely dedicated to diet and exercise. Peterson said Khloe has never looked better following her recent weight loss.

“Khloe’s a full-on animal in the gym”

“The changes she’s made to her body are incredible. She’s done it the right way. Nothing fast, just hard work. Her body is bangin’ right now.”

Khloe gets laser treatments to zap the cellulite off her butt and thighs, but said the rest of her body is all-natural, not due to plastic surgery. Kardashian feels great after losing 13 pounds recently by following a dairy-free diet and exercising five days a week.

11 Awesome Benefits of Stretching

Khloe Kardashian has been hitting the gym hard and has not been letting herself slack, no matter what is going on in her life, as well as making sure that she sticks to a very strict diet. Khloe has since gone on to lose around 35lbs.

“Khloe gives as much to the gym as the gym gives to her”

Gunnar Peterson has praised Kardashian for her dedication. Her Beverly Hills-based trainer explains why Khloe’s physical transformation has been so major: “We keep her mind challenged and her body guessing, and the focus is on building strength. She never cancels! Some days it’s more heart-rate intensive, some days it’s more lower-extremities intensive, some days the upper extremities get a little extra love.”

khloe1

Khloe Kardashian in the Gym

He added: “As the changes have come, the diet has tightened up … She’s made better choices when she eats. She’s been more conscious about working on sleep habits. She hydrates better. She keeps getting after it and she keeps getting better. We’re always playing with our workouts. We’re always making it that much more challenging.” And that hard work and intense focus has helped our September cover star score what some might call a post-breakup revenge body.

“Yeah, it’s a revenge body”

Khloe says. But it’s just as much for all my critics who called me ‘the fat one’ for my entire existance.” Her workout consists of a complete routine, two or three times a week, on nonconsecutive days. You can try it yourself! Starting with the first exercise, do the prescribed number of reps, then rest 10 to 30 seconds. Do two to five sets of each move, then continue to the next move and repeat until you’ve done the entire routine.

The biggest obstacle most people face when trying to add exercise into their day is time. Many also (mistakenly) think that the only way to stay fit is to hit the gym or spend at least an hour doing aerobic exercise. While it’s true that you increase your fitness level when you increase the intensity, frequency and duration of your program, it’s possible to gain moderate fitness benefits from making small, consistent changes to your daily life.

khloe3

Khloe Kardashian Running

The latest and probably one of the most common sense ways to get fit and lose excess body fat is by making painless additions of exercise to your day, combined with small diet modifications. For example, current research has shown that by consuming just 100 fewer calories per day, a woman can avoid the 1-2 pound gain most of us take on each year.

If you want to lose weight, you need to increase your daily caloric deduction by 500 calories, but you can do this by cutting 200 calories out of your daily diet and burning 300 calories more through exercise.

Add that up over a week and you’ll have nearly a pound of fat loss with very little pain or diet deprivation.

It’s the little things you do everyday that can make the difference between keeping fit or packing on additional pounds every year. Don’t underestimate the power of tiny changes: consistent, lifestyle changes are always more successful for losing and maintaining weight loss.

Here are a few tips to help you find painless ways to stay fit:

All rise! The average person burns 100 calories per hour while sitting and 140 per hour while standing. Get on your feet two hours a day while you work and you could drop 6 pounds over the course of a year. Stand while you talk on the phone and set up an area where you can work in a standing position (great for people with back pain!).

Take the stairs, not the elevator A 130-pound woman will burn nearly 20 calories each time she goes up and down the stairs. Do it all day watch how quickly those add up!

Dust while you talk on the phone.

Lose the remote. Get up to change the channel! And while you’re up grab some weights for a set of bicep curls or shoulder presses. You can work through a full strength training routine in an hour if you do a set during each commercial.

Park so you have to walk.

Walk and talk! Catch up on phone calls while your take a walk.

Be creative! Instead of thinking of all the ways you don’t have time to exercise, make it a game to see how many ways you can carve out time for little bouts of exercise. Lose your all or nothing mindset and look at exercise as a daily accumulation of activity.

khloe3

Khloe Kardashian Running

Remember, to lose weight you still need to take a look at your diet and try to eliminate excess calories, especially those that come from junk. Your goal isn’t difficult cutting 200-300 calories from your daily diet can be easy if you choose foods that you won’t miss too much. Think about switching from a can a soda every afternoon to unsweetened iced tea or a flavored sparkling water. But remember, don’t cut something that you look forward to everyday (for me cutting cream in my coffee would be a deal breaker), instead look for little changes you can make that won’t make a big difference in the foods your enjoy.

“We’re always playing with our workouts”

Hot on the heels of her steamy spread in Complex magazine, Khloe Kardashian has revealed she’s lost about 35 pounds from hitting the gym. The 31-year-old told Australian radio show “Fitzy & Wippa” on Friday about her weight loss journey. “I’ve lost like, 35 pounds. I don’t really weigh myself … but I know how I want to feel in clothes and it does become addicting once you start losing weight and seeing results. I want to see more,” she said.

khloe4

Khloe Kardashian Resting

Kardashian recently slammed critics who accused her sexy shoot of being digitally altered, posting an un retouched photo alongside the one that appeared in the magazine.

loe Kardashian channeled her inner Beyonce by doing a booty pop on Instagram after her recent 13-pound weight loss. Khloe said Beyonce, who wowed fans with her sexy Met Gala ball gown, is her fitness inspiration.

“I just got my motivation for the year!” Kardashian gushed after seeing Beyonce’s super-fit body in a nude Givenchy dress. Beyonce has maintained her 65-pound post-baby weight loss with a vegan diet, according to her longtime trainer, Marco Borges.

Khloe posted several Instagram photos May 12, where she proudly showed off her tiny waist and toned booty. Kardashian previously revealed on Instagram that her weight loss secrets are a dairy-free diet, waist training and intense workouts with celebrity trainer Gunnar Peterson.

Peterson, who helped Khloe’s sister, Kim Kardashian, lose 56 pounds just six months after childbirth, said Khloe is extremely dedicated to diet and exercise. Peterson said Khloe has never looked better following her recent weight loss.

“Khloe’s a full-on animal in the gym”

“The changes she’s made to her body are incredible. She’s done it the right way. Nothing fast, just hard work. Her body is bangin’ right now.”

Khloe gets laser treatments to zap the cellulite off her butt and thighs, but said the rest of her body is all-natural, not due to plastic surgery. Kardashian feels great after losing 13 pounds recently by following a dairy-free diet and exercising five days a week.

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